Commercial Pilot Airplane (CAX) Calculations Practice Exam

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• Given winds of 180° at 25 knots and an airport with runway 03/21, which runway do the winds favor and what is the crosswind component?
• What piece of information is critical for calculating true airspeed?
• What is the approximate density altitude for a pressure altitude of 6,000 ft and a true air temperature of +25 °C?
• What is the relationship between IAS and CAS?
• Is the airplane with an empty weight of 1,271 lbs and a total weight including 400 lb for pilot and copilot, 140 lb for rear seat passenger, and cargo of 100 lb loaded within limits if fuel is 37 gallons?
• What is the primary difference between static and dynamic stability?
• How many gallons of fuel are needed, including day VFR reserves, for a cruise time of 4 hours and 36 minutes?
• Which factor directly affects the base altitude of cumulus clouds?
• What is the fuel, time, and distance required to climb to cruise altitude from an airport pressure altitude of 2,000 ft to cruise altitude of 10,000 ft?
• What is the significance of wing loading in performance calculations?
• What is the estimated range of an aircraft at 7,500 feet using 64 percent power with 48 gallons of usable fuel?
• At a pressure altitude of 7,000 ft and a true air temperature of +15 °C, what is the approximate density altitude?
• What is the load factor at straight and level flight?
• How is the required fuel for a flight calculated?
• At approximately what altitude AGL should bases of convective-type cumuliform clouds be expected?
• For landing on runway 17 with winds from 140 degrees at 20 knots, what is the crosswind component?
• What effect does increasing altitude have on engine performance?
• What is the correction for altitude when converting true airspeed (TAS) to ground speed?
• At a weight of 3,300 lb and temperature of 30°F, what total distance would be required during takeoff over a 50-foot obstacle at a pressure altitude of 6,000 ft with a headwind of 20 kts?
• At 18,000 ft and -41 °C with 2,500 RPM, what is the approximate flight time under VFR night fuel reserve conditions?
• How much AvGas is required to fly 600 NM with a 12 knot headwind at 18,000 ft with standard temperature?
• If winds are 101° at 18 knots, which runway do the winds favor, and what is the crosswind component?
• The angle of attack that provides the most lift for the least amount of drag is approximately:
• How long would it take an aircraft weighing 4,000 lbs to climb to a pressure altitude of 16,000 feet if the temperature is 7 °C above standard?
• What does a true heading of 281° suggest for the direction the aircraft is facing?
• What does an increase in stall speed with weight indicate?
• How is the weight of fuel calculated in pounds?
• If the temperature is 100 °F, pressure altitude is 4,000 ft, and weight is 3,200 lb with calm winds, what is the ground roll required for takeoff over a 50-foot obstacle?
• How does an airplane's CG location change if baggage is moved towards the front from the rear baggage compartment?
• What temperature condition is needed to estimate endurance flights at 18,000 ft for VFR day reserves?
• Given a pressure altitude of 6,000 ft, how does a power setting of 2,200 RPM compare to 2,500 RPM in terms of fuel consumption?
• What is a potential tailwind component during an approach when wind direction is 220° at 10 knots before landing on runway 28?
• Which parameters are involved in calculating climb performance?
• What is the approximate base of the cumulus clouds if the temperature at 2,000 feet MSL is 10 °C and the dewpoint is 1 °C?
• Based on illustration 5, which radial will the airplane intercept if it turns to the designated heading marker?
• What is the landing ground roll under conditions where the temperature is 50 °F, pressure altitude 2,000 feet, weight 3,200 lb, and wind is calm?
• Given the weight moment of a gyroplane, what can be concluded if the CG is located outside the CG envelope but the maximum gross weight is not exceeded?
• What is the metric unit of mass often used in aviation?
• What is the effect of altitude on fuel flow?
• How does temperature affect aircraft performance?
• How do you convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit?
• What is the role of lift in climb calculations?
• At what point should reserve fuel be calculated?
• What happens to lift as angle of attack increases up to a certain point?
• What is the true airspeed and hourly fuel consumption at 7,500 feet using 52 percent power?
• What does "Vx" indicate in aviation?
• What does a higher moment arm imply for an aircraft's control surfaces?
• How much AvGas is required to fly 620 NM under day VFR conditions with a 12 knot tailwind at 6,000 feet?
• How much AvGas will be burned in 4 hours at 6,000 ft and +3 °C with specified power settings?
• How do you calculate a climb rate in feet per minute?
• What is the total weight if the pilot and copilot together weigh 360 lb, a rear passenger weighs 340 lb, and cargo weighs 340 lb, with an empty weight of 1,271 lbs?
• What aerodynamic factor causes wingtip vortices?
• Given a true course of 105° and a true heading of 085°, what is the wind direction and speed?
• If the pressure altitude is 5,000 ft and the true air temperature is +25 °C, what is the density altitude approximately?
• If maintaining zero wind, what would be the expected track if the aircraft remains on the course provided in illustration 1?
• When climbing from a pressure altitude of 2,000 ft with a temperature of 10 °C to cruise altitude of 9,000 ft, what is the distance required?
• How do you convert nautical miles to statute miles?
• If the temperature is 50 °F, pressure altitude is sea level, weight is 3,000 lb, and headwind is 10 kts, what is the approximate ground roll?
• What is the unit of measurement for pressure altitude?
• What is the value of standard atmospheric pressure at sea level?
• What is the wind direction and speed with a true course of 345° and true heading of 355°?
• Using maximum rate of climb for a 3,400 lb aircraft, how much fuel is consumed climbing to 16,000 feet from 6,000 feet?
• What should be the power setting at 18,000 ft for optimal performance in the scenario given?
• What is the approximate ground roll when the temperature is 70 °F, pressure altitude is sea level, weight is 3,400 lb, and headwind is 16 kts?
• With a usable fuel load of 425 pounds at cruise altitude, what is the aircraft's endurance with the given conditions?
• What is the approximate flight time available at 18,000 ft with a temperature of -21 °C and a power setting of 2,400 RPM?
• Which of the following would increase the total flight time given a fixed amount of fuel?
• When the temperature is 80°F, pressure altitude is 2,000 ft, and weight is 3,400 lb, what is the takeoff distance required to clear a 50-foot oil rig?
• In a scenario with a temperature of 90°F and a weight of 3,400 lb, what is the required takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle?
• Under which condition would an airplane typically have its maximum L/D ratio?
• How much time in minutes will it take for an aircraft weighing 4,000 lb to climb to 8,000 ft from an airport at 2,000 ft with a temperature of 32 °C at maximum rate of climb?
• When flying under VFR 'night' conditions at 18,000 ft, how much usable fuel is typically required for optimal performance?
• Under the condition of an empty weight of 1,271 lbs, with a pilot and copilot weighing 260 lb, a rear seat passenger 120 lb, cargo 60 lb, and fuel 37 gallons, is the CG located within the CG envelope?
• What is the crosswind component for a Rwy 13 landing when the surface wind is 180° at 27 knots?
• What is the stall speed of an airplane under a load factor of 2 G's if the unaccelerated stall speed is 65 knots?
• What is the standard temperature lapse rate per 1,000 feet?
• What does point A represent in the context of drag?
• Given the true course of 286°, which of the following choices reflects a possibility for wind direction?
• How does the density of air at high altitude relate to fuel efficiency?
• How much fuel will be used when climbing to 10,000 feet pressure altitude with an aircraft weight of 3,800 lb at maximum rate of climb?
• If the wind is calculated to be 15 knots, which of the following could be a possible wind direction?
• How much would the maximum rate of climb improve if a flight is delayed to let the temperature drop from 40°C to 20°C at a weight of 4,000 pounds and a pressure altitude of 4,000 feet?
• What does a reduced takeoff weight allow during flight operations?
• If the pressure altitude is at 5,000 ft and true air temperature is +30 °F, what is the approximate density altitude?
• At 7,500 feet and 52 percent power, what is the endurance assuming no reserve with 48 gallons of fuel?
• Given a temperature of 30 °F, pressure altitude of sea level, weight of 3,400 lb, and headwind of 5 kts, what type of performance change could be expected in ground roll?
• How much altitude will an airplane lose when gliding at an angle of attack of 8° over a distance of 3 statute miles?
• What is affected by a weight shift in an aircraft?
• At which angle of attack is the drag minimized for an airplane?
• If the heading of the aircraft is adjusted to the heading marker, what will happen according to illustration 2?
• What is the maximum rate of climb for a weight of 4,000 lb at a pressure altitude of 5,000 ft and temperature of 30°C?
• How do you calculate the load factor during a turn?
• What is the lift equation?
• For a takeoff weight reduction over a 50-foot obstacle at 3,000 feet pressure altitude, what might be the expected reduction when winds calm?
• Which of the following is the true airspeed for the aircraft described?
• Which surface wind would exceed the airplane's crosswind capability of 0.2 VSO, if VSO is 60 knots?
• To safely take off over a 50-foot obstacle in 1,000 feet at a temperature of 75 °F, pressure altitude of 6,000 ft, and weight of 2,900 lb, what weight reduction is necessary?
• If an airplane glides at an angle of attack of 10°, approximately how much altitude will it lose in 1 mile?
• At a temperature of 50 °F and a pressure altitude of 2,000 ft, what is the total takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle if the weight is 2,700 lb and the wind is calm?
• Which factor influences indicated airspeed measurement directly?
• What is the headwind for takeoff when the wind is 190° at 25 knots?
• With 38 gallons of fuel at a cruise altitude of 7,500 feet and 2,700 RPM, what would be the aircraft's fuel range?
• What occurs with the total drag when an airplane is in steady flight at the speed indicated by point A?
• What is the flight time available at 18,000 ft with a temperature of -1 °C, power at 2,200 RPM, and a fuel load of 344 lb?
• What is the crosswind component for a Rwy 13 landing when the surface wind is 180° at 25 knots?
• With a weight of 3,700 lb, pressure altitude of 22,000 ft, and temperature of -10°C, what is the maximum rate of climb?
• If an aircraft has a true heading of 281° and a true course of 286°, what might this suggest about the wind conditions?
• How does humidity impact aircraft performance?
• What is the AvGas consumption for a climb to 12,000 feet for an aircraft weighing 3,700 lb at sea level?
• How much time would be needed for a climb to 16,000 feet for an aircraft weighing 4,000 lb with a temperature of 7 °C?
• How is density altitude calculated?
• In weight and balance calculations, what does "arm" refer to?
• How do you find the moment of an object?
• For a flight requiring takeoff and a cruise distance under defined conditions, how much AvGas is required?
• If an aircraft is climbing from sea level with a temperature of 14 °C, how much fuel is used to reach 12,000 feet?
• What is the expected improvement in maximum rate of climb when temperature drops from 40°C to 20°C for a weight of 4,000 pounds at a pressure altitude of 4,000 feet?
• For an aircraft weighing 3,500 lb, how much fuel is consumed climbing to 10,000 feet pressure altitude?
• What does a higher climb gradient indicate in aviation?
• How do you derive the square of the desired speed for climb calculations?
• What does a groundspeed of 98 knots indicate compared to a true airspeed of 110 knots?
• Which statement is true regarding the airplane's movement if the present heading is maintained?
• In aviation, what does the term 'TAS' stand for?
• How do you calculate the total distance required to land an airplane?
• How do you calculate the total distance required for takeoff?
• When determining wind direction, which reference point is primarily used in aviation calculations?
• At a 4° angle of attack, the L/D ratio is approximately the same as that for which other angle?
• What is the ground roll required for takeoff over a 50-foot obstacle at a temperature of 80°F and pressure altitude of 2,000 ft, with a weight of 3,200 lb?
• What does Vfe represent in aviation terminology?
• What is the difference between calibrated airspeed (CAS) and indicated airspeed (IAS)?
• Which landing runway, when wind is 140 degrees at 15 knots, would have a crosswind component of 9 knots to the left?
• How do pilots establish fuel reserves for a flight?
• At a 2° angle of attack, the lift-to-drag (L/D) ratio is approximately the same as that for which other angle of attack?
• For an aircraft weighing 3,400 lbs, how much time is required to climb to a pressure altitude of 8,000 feet given the temperature is 14 °C?
• What is the result of using a lean mixture at altitude?
• If the aircraft's weight moment is calculated at 102.04 in-lb/1,000, does the empty weight inclusion of oil affect the total weight measurement?
• Which value represents the aircraft's expected performance in no wind conditions?
• What is the maximum available flight time with 465 lbs of usable fuel at 6,000 ft and specified power settings?
• Using a normal climb from engine start for an aircraft weighing 3,700 lbs at sea level, how much AvGas is required to reach a pressure altitude of 16,000 feet?
• What is a common average fuel burn rate per hour for single-engine aircraft?
• What is the purpose of using a magnetic compass in flight?
• How much fuel would be used from engine start to a pressure altitude of 12,000 feet for an aircraft weighing 3,700 lbs under the given conditions?
• After 1 hour and 45 minutes of flight time, what is the new CG location given the initial weight and CG location?
• With an empty weight moment of 102.01 and other given weights, is the airplane loaded within limits?
• What is the purpose of using pressure settings in flight planning?
• What is the recommended way to calculate cruise fuel consumption?
• What is the approximate ground roll under the following conditions: temperature 60 °F, pressure altitude sea level, weight 3,000 lb, headwind 10 kts?
• What is the crosswind component if surface wind is reported as 045° at 10 knots for a runway aligned at 180°?
• What is true regarding the airplane's movement in illustration 4 if the present heading is maintained?
• For an aircraft weighing 3,400 lb climbing to 16,000 feet at maximum rate, how much fuel is used starting from 6,000 ft at a temperature of 10 °C?
• Which of the following signifies the wind speed in the given scenario?
• If the surface wind is 210° at 30 knots, what would the crosswind component be for landing on Rwy 27?
• What is the effect of high altitude on engine performance?
• At a weight of 4,000 pounds and pressure altitude of 6,000 feet, what is the maximum acceptable temperature at takeoff if a climb rate of 745 FPM is needed?
• How do you calculate the wind correction angle for navigation?
• In illustration 4, which will occur if the airplane's heading is maintained?
• What effect do load factors during maneuvers have on aircraft performance?
• In illustration 1, if the aircraft's heading turns to the heading marker, what is the outcome concerning joining the selected radial?
• In flight performance, how does weight affect stall speed?
• What is the formula for calculating drift angle due to wind?
• At the airspeed represented by point A in steady flight, the airplane will have what ratio?
• What is the fuel consumption in pounds for a climb to 8,000 feet at a pressure altitude of 4,000 feet and temperature of 32 °C for an aircraft weighing 3,800 lb?
• At an airspeed represented by point B, what can the pilot expect to achieve?
• At what temperature, combined with altitude and power settings, would cause a 6 hours flight time reduction?
• How much baggage needs to be moved from the rear baggage area to the forward baggage area to adjust the CG from 94.0 to 92.0?
• How much fuel is used during a normal climb from engine start to 12,000 feet pressure altitude with an aircraft weight of 3,800 lb?
• What is the primary benefit of using calibrated airspeed (CAS) in flight?
• What is the indicated wind direction if the true course is 286° and the true heading is 281°?
• When looking to ensure that an aircraft's loading is acceptable, what is the primary measurement to consider?
• What is the purpose of the V-speeds in aviation?
• In relation to the aircraft's true heading, where is the wind coming from based on the calculated wind direction?
• How do you calculate the range of an aircraft using fuel consumption?
• What is the purpose of center of gravity (CG) limits?
• Determine the approximate ground roll when the temperature is 70 °F, pressure altitude is 4,000 ft, weight is 2,500 lb, and headwind is 20 kts.
• For a climb to 8,000 feet, how long would it take for an aircraft weighing 3,400 lb with a temperature of 14 °C?
• What is the relationship between true airspeed and groundspeed when determining wind speed?
• How can indicated airspeed be determined?
• How do you find the distance to climb to a certain altitude?
• What is the effect of altitude on aircraft performance?
• If an aircraft has a total weight of 4,137 lb and a CG location at Station 67.8, what will be the CG location after 1 hour 30 minutes of flight time?
• If the tower-reported surface wind is 010° at 18 knots, what is the crosswind component for a Rwy 08 landing?
• How much fuel would be consumed during a normal climb for an aircraft weighing 3,400 lbs from engine start to a pressure altitude of 8,000 ft?
• Given a pressure altitude of 12,000 ft and true air temperature of +50 °F, what is the approximate density altitude?
• What is the flight level (FL) that corresponds to 10,000 feet?
• In a flight with a weight of 3,400 lb at 4,000 ft pressure altitude and calm winds, what is the expected takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle at a temperature of 90°F?
• At a temperature of 80°F and pressure altitude of 5,000 ft with a weight of 3,300 lb, what is the total takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle?
• Which illustration indicates a 150° left turn to intercept the 360 radial at a 60° angle inbound?
• Using maximum rate of climb, how much fuel is used to climb from engine start to 6,000 feet pressure altitude for an aircraft weighing 3,200 lb?
• How does increasing bank angle in a turn affect stall speed?
• How does temperature affect air density at altitude?
• With 80 gallons of usable AvGas and 20 gallons for preflight operations, what is the maximum cruise flight time allowed?
• If luggage weighing 90 pounds is moved from the rear baggage compartment to the front compartment, what will be the new CG if the initial CG is 98 inches aft of datum?
• What is the approximate amount of fuel required for a flight under the conditions described for takeoff and longer cruise?
• How is total aircraft weight calculated before a flight?
• What is the expected time required for an aircraft weighing 3,700 lbs at 4,000 ft to climb to 14,000 ft?
• How much AvGas would an aircraft use to reach a pressure altitude of 12,000 feet if the weight is 3,700 lbs at sea level?
• What is the standard unit of pressure measurement used in aviation?
• Which illustration indicates that the airplane will intercept the 060 radial at a 60° angle inbound when maintaining the present heading?
• How are pressure altitude and density altitude related?
• In terms of weight and balance, why is it important to monitor the CG of an aircraft?
• What is the maximum available flight time at 6,000 ft pressure altitude and +3 °C temperature?
• What is the required distance to climb to cruise altitude for an aircraft given airport pressure altitude of 4,000 ft and cruise altitude of 9,000 ft?
• What happens to the stall speed as the load factor increases?
• At what fuel consumption rate does an aircraft weighing 4,000 lbs at 4,000 ft altitude range climb at 27 minutes to 16,000 ft?
• What is the definition of fuel flow in GPH?
• Using the specified conditions, how much AvGas would be consumed climbing to 16,000 feet with a weight of 3,700 lb?
• How much fuel would be consumed during a normal climb from engine start to a pressure altitude of 12,000 feet, given the aircraft weight is 3,700 lb and temperature is 21 °C?
• How do you calculate true airspeed (TAS) from indicated airspeed (IAS)?
• At what pressure altitude and temperature combination does an aircraft weighing 3,800 lb using maximum rate of climb consume 40 pounds of fuel?
• Under the given conditions, what is the maximum available flight time with +13 °C at 2,500 RPM?
• When landing runway 22 with winds from 140 degrees at 20 knots, what is the crosswind component?
• With a pressure altitude of 6,000 ft and true air temperature of +30 °F, what is the approximate density altitude?
• If the weight is 3,700 pounds, the pressure altitude is 4,000 feet, and the temperature is 30°C, what is the maximum rate of climb?
• What is the total takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle when the temperature is 30°F and weight is 3,300 lb?
• What are the primary factors in calculating approach speeds?
• For an aircraft with a pressure altitude of 3,000 ft and a temperature of 15 °C, what is the fuel, time, and distance to climb to 8,000 ft?
• If an airplane glides at an angle of attack of 10°, how much altitude will it lose in 6 miles?
• What is the maximum rate of climb at a weight of 3,700 pound, pressure altitude of 4,000 feet, and temperature of 30°C?
• If you have 375 lbs of usable AvGas and need 50 lbs for non-cruise flight, how long can you cruise to meet night VFR requirements?
• At 5,000 feet with 48 gallons of fuel at 75% BHP, what is the range of the aircraft?
• How much AvGas is required to fly 600 NM with a 15 knot headwind at 18,000 ft and -21 °C?
• For a weight of 3,700 lb at a pressure altitude of 22,000 ft and a temperature of -10°C, determine the maximum rate of climb.
• What is the headwind component for a Rwy 13 takeoff if the surface wind is 190° at 15 knots?
• If ATC instructs you to intercept the selected radial north of the station, which HSI indicates compliance with this clearance?
• At -17 °C temperature and 2,300 RPM at 6,000 ft, what is the maximum flight time available?
• ATC has instructed you to intercept the selected radial southwest of the station. Which HSI indicates compliance with this clearance?
• How do you calculate the bank angle required for a turn?
• What is the intended effect of adjusting baggage towards the forward compartment?
• What is the critical angle of attack for the given aircraft?
• What does the indicated airspeed represent in the context of a flight?
• If the true airspeed is 110 knots and groundspeed is 98 knots, what is the wind speed?
• After using 30 gallons of fuel, will the CG remain within limits if the initial loading includes an empty weight of 1,271 lbs, a pilot and copilot of 360 lb, a rear seat passenger of 340 lb, and cargo of 340 lb?
• Determine the wind direction and speed given a true course of 350° and true heading of 358°.
• Given a temperature of 85 °F, pressure altitude of 6,000 ft, weight of 2,800 lb, and headwind of 14 kts, what is the approximate ground roll?
• How would you calculate wind speed if the true airspeed is 110 knots and groundspeed is 98 knots?
• Which illustration indicates that the airplane will intercept the 060 radial at a 75° angle outbound, maintaining the present heading?
• What is the formula to calculate groundspeed?
• What is the formula to calculate weight and balance?
• How is the wind direction typically expressed in aviation calculations?
• How do crosswind component calculations affect landing?
• What does point A on a given flight graph represent in terms of aerodynamic efficiency?
• What is the formula for calculating vertical speed?
• Under conditions including an empty weight of 1,271 lbs and determining CG, where is the CG located?
• Which action should be taken to intercept the 060 radial at a 45° angle inbound according to illustration 3?